The music on this recording goes back to the very origins of musical composition. Perotin latin perotinus was a most gifted composer of the notre dame school, which, during the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, was the first school to produce polyphony of international acclaim. Perotins quadruplum organum setting of plainchant viderunt omnes, abridged with secular lyrics. Perotin s viderunt omnes my fascination with perotin s viderunt omnes the aspect of the piece which intrigued me enough to select it for this exercise begins and ends with one name not that of perotinus magnus as you might suspect but that of contemporary composer steve reich. Sophomore music literature list aaron copland school of music. Few rhythmic patterns, but importantly, they were now measured, the rhythms in the different melodic lines are now different. Sacred music from notredame cathedral is redolent with the atmosphere we know from the books, architecture, and painting of that distant time, and is one of the very best recorded options ever made for this music. Aaron copland school of music queens college city university of new york. Although perotin is not believed to have been alone in this undertaking, his is the most prominent name associated with what was a seminal event in western music.
A prominent feature of his compositional style was the tenor. Print and download in pdf or midi viderunt omnes pro humanistarum. Viderunt omnes by the hilliard ensemble on amazon music. All the ends of the earth sigcd070 hyperion records. Any attempt to perform or record twelfth century polyphony requires some ingenuity in preparing a text that remains musical, yet makes liturgical sense. Provided to youtube by the orchard enterprises viderunt omnes the hilliard ensemble perotin and the ars antiqua. A perotin organum consists of a liturgical chant melody and text, which forms the tenor or cantus firmus. Viderunt omnes is a two part organum composed by perotin. Tenor, duplum, triplum, and quadruplum, at the start of the score. Three of the nine works on this cd are by the prolific anonymous. Play or download midi files from classical archives, the largest and best organized classical music site on the web. In approximately the same vocal range, the composer added one, two or three other voices, the duplum, triplum and quadruplum, all of them in one of the six rhythmic patterns known as modi. He pioneered the styles of organum triplum and organum quadruplum three and fourpart polyphony. Oct 18, 2010 the perotin composition is classic florid orgunum all the way through.
All the ends of the earth was commissioned by the bbc for a europewide radio broadcast on millennium day, 1st january, 2000, and is based on perotins organum viderunt omnes, composed circa 1200. We go over musical concepts useful for understanding the work including polyphony, organa, clausulas, and plainchant while looking at the context in which it came to be hint. Viderunt omnes a4 play streams in full or download mp3 from classical archives, the largest and best organized classical. Sacred music from notredame cathedral in naxos early music series. In the orgamun sections of leoninuss viderunt omnes rhythm was probably unmeasured but in perotin s all upper parts use rhythmic modes throughout. This reflects his general preference for modal rhythm and also solves the practical problem of coordinating parts. Well sung, well recorded, and as for perotin this shows a sophistication in. Perotinus perotin music appreciation lumen learning. Stephen caldwell, director viderunt omnes organum quadruplum gradual for christmas day. Contextual translation of viderunt omnes from latin into french.
Notre dame organum, since it is a gregorian chant in the same creative vein, although some notable differences are present. The text comes from verses of psalm 98 in the vulgates latin ps. Sep 16, 20 though the composer of the original chant is unknown, several variations of it have been made over the years. All the ends of the earth have seen the salvation which comes from our god. Notum fecit dominus salutare suum yeardate of composition yd of comp.
Choir sacred sheet music book by perotin perotinus. Two of the many settings of the text are famous as being among the earliest pieces of polyphony by known composers, leonin and perotin of the. Both were reputedly based at notre dame in paris, and leoninus was responsible for the magnus liber. The somewhat unhelpfully named anonymous iv, a monk from bury st edmunds, tells us of two mastersleoninus and perotinuswho dominated the twelfthcentury musical world. Probably the most famous version of the chant is the one by perotin, a composer from the notre dame school of polyphony. Two of the many settings of the text are famous as being among the earliest pieces of polyphony by known composers, leonin and perotin of the notre dame school. Translate viderunt omnes from latin to french mymemory. Perotin elaborated on leonins creative impulse and wrote music for three, even four, voices. Viderunt omnes is a gregorian chant based on psalm xcvii 98, sung as the gradual at the masses of christmas day and historically on its octave, the feast of the circumcision.
Prior to perotin, organum generally consisted of two voices. This page discusses the composer that perfected the. A rendering from a 3d audio structure created for the xbox game console. Shop and buy viderunt omnes and sederunt sheet music. Sacred music from notredame cathedral tonus peregrinus, pitts by leonin, perotin. Both were reputedly based at notre dame in paris, and leoninus was responsible for the magnus liber organi. The example of organum on our listening list is one of perotinuss best known works. Before perotin, leonin, another famous composer of notre dame had made his variance of viderunt omnes. Marys church on haddington road, dublin 4, where it performs early and renaissance choral music. Exeunt omnes definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Viderunt omnes perotin blitzlesson mita blitzlesson. You may also download all sophomore files in mp3 format as one zip file file size. Viderunt omnes is a proper chant used for both christmas day and for circumcision day, or january 1. Leonin timestretches a plainchant tune, viderunt omnes, and places beautiful lyrical countermelodies on top of it.
Irish composers linda buckley, benedict schlepperconnolly and garrett sholdice have found inspiration in the clarity of leonins constructions, and the quality of his. Viderunt omnes pro humanistarum sheet music for voice. Viderunt omnes and sederunt by perotin perotinus score. The perotin composition is classic florid orgunum all the way through. Sung by katharine neil, programming by katharine neil and doublenegative. Little is known about leonin beyond the fact that he seems to have had a bent for composing erotic poetry. In approximately the same vocal range, the composer added one, two or three other voices, the duplum, triplum and quadruplum, all of them in. Nevertheless, the manifestation of the organa in leoninperotin. Experience sederunt principes, yet another window into the medieval.
The foundation of viderunt omnes is a plainchant that likely served the parisian liturgy for christmas day. Jul 07, 2012 perotin elaborated on leonins creative impulse and wrote music for three, even four, voices. Four of the works included in this collection are organa. If you dont know what this music is all about, i suggest you consult the perotin article on wikipedia. David munrow and the early music consort of london on the album music of the gothic era. Polyphonic, in line with organum which deviated from earlier gregorian chant in this regard. Beside revising the magnus liber of leonin, his predecessor, he com posed numerous two. Exeunt omnes definition and meaning collins english. At a time when the use of even a second voice singing harmonies was a recent innovation, its hard to imagine the incredible impact of hearing polyphonic music in four voices for the first time. Crux also delivers theatrical music experiences, ancient.
Perotin added his own melodic line the old chant, which is in a lower register. Though the composer of the original chant is unknown, several variations of it have been made over the years. Perotins composition viderunt omnes is the earliest piece of music we know of that used four independent voices singing in harmony. One can find the original plain chant in the liber isualis on page 409. Perotins viderunt omnes my fascination with perotins viderunt omnes the aspect of the piece which intrigued me enough to select it for this exercise begins and ends with one name not that of perotinus magnus as you might suspect but that of contemporary composer steve reich. List b songs music 3401 with rice at university of connecticut. Anonymous iv points to two instances of perotins organum quadruplum sederunt principes and viderunt omnes in which the rhythmic swirling and interweaving of vocal parts make for a strikingly original soundworld. Create marketing content that resonates with prezi video. All the ends of the earth have seen the unity of humanity. Perotin, about whom little is known, most likely lived around the end of the 12th and beginning of the th century and is presumed to have been french. Leonin and perotin school of notre dame organum by.
For best performance, use the latest version of chrome or firefox. Notum fecit terram suam maternitatem, ante omnium oculos revelavit unitas omnium. In this work, the pitches and proportions of perotins cantus firmus and its text have been retained exactly rescored, however, and sung by. Perotins viderunt omnes journal of the american musicological. Explore perotins extraordinary viderunt omnes, music historians first documented work in four voices. Stream tracks and playlists from crux vocal ensemble on your desktop or mobile device. In the orgamun sections of leoninuss viderunt omnes rhythm was probably unmeasured but in perotins all upper parts use rhythmic modes throughout. Viderunt omnes excerpt youtube perotin viderunt omnes 4 vocum the early music consort of london david munrow codex manesse duration. Isaias cencinit, o maria virginei and veni creator spiritus the rest are by perotin. Title graduale in nativitatem domini ad missam composer perotin. The rhythm is mode 1 and the pitches used are of the plagal modes, though i cant pick out which one for sure, i believe it is the hypophrygian mode.
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